Gonzalo kicked off the debate with some reflections on the future of cities in the 21st Century. How do we find solutions to the problematics posed by these cities?

Beyond green is a reflection on the future of sustainable habitats, sustainability being something that is complex in nature, not unidimentional. Can the answer be in the buildings themselves? Or are we facing a more complex situation?

Dense cities seem to provide a more efficient solution with regards to energy consumption, for example Detroit is much less efficient that a city like Munich.

With reference to the Project of Newark, then presented by Ron Beit, it seems that the city aims to become more global in order to finally enrich its local experience. How can one connect the city of Newark to the world? What makes this city so special?

Also, in the context of finacial vs economic profitability, how can we make compatible development programs and economic profit? and how does this relate to the current macro economic context?

The word was then passed to Ron Beit who presented the Newark project. Newark, New Jersey, is the 3rd oldest city in the States, and offers what seems to be a better connection infrastructure in comparison to Manhattan. What made Newark so attractive in the begining was the quantity of problems that the city had, that could be transformed into potential opportunities. On top of this, the city was big enough to get attention, but small enough to offer the possibility of dealing with its problems. The general public was all for the redevelopment, as the policies and politics up until there applied in Newark were so bad, that the redevelopment was for sure beneficiary.

The project englobes the historic core of the city, a blank canvas to be redeveloped, not only to a scale of regional acceptance, but also to that of global acceptance, thanks to its strategic position on the grid of both regional and global infrastructural connections.

Newark, along side the infrastructural network it offered, also offered the great potential of a good university system.

The project revolves around 2 macro policies: the concentration of middle income housing stock, something which Manhattan does not offer; and the need to generate a community over night, so as to generate both a green and economicly sustainable, resolving the iminent social problems. To do so, they maintained the development plan horizontal, having buildings that are no more than 6 storeys high, and offering residential, retail and office buildings, generating a mixed use scenario and guaranteeing presence in the city 24/7. This allows for the generation of character in the streets of Newark.

The first phase of the project consisted in the Teachers village, offering low rent residencies, also for teachers, and new schools, so as to become a tool for the city to recruit and retain the best possible educators.

The neighborhood is one of the few with the LEED neighborhood development status.

Ignacio Jiménez de Laiglesia then presented the Valencia riverside and waterfront development. The city of valencia also presented, as Newark, bad policies, on top of which the recent bursting of the real estate bubble.

The lack of link between the city and its waterfront, is a problem that is still looking to be solved today, and with the window of opportunity presented by the Americas cup, seems to be the perfectopportunity to offer solutions to all the conflict present from a social and environmental point of view. The past expansion of the port area was done without any sensibility towards the surroundings, on top of which the river bed of the city generated a situation of ecological fragility.

The starting point for the redevelopment was therefore the port area, and its connections to the waterfront and the riverside, with the insertion of residential and commercial activities, generating a living and vibrant place, and offering, through a public-private project, both public and private amenities even in the old port area, a project thought for the creative society.

The discussion then commenced with all the members of the round table posing questions and rflecting around themes regarding the 21st Century city:

Most of the time, when an urban development plan is developed, a contingency plan is also developed, but what happens when a plan is successful?

Developers should think beyond just the bricks they are building, they should think more towards what they can give a community.

Cities need to become 24/7 use areas, with 24/7 communities, following the model of European cities.

Generating a global city, brings with it the global citizens, generating organic growth thanks to global connectivity.

The way that the younger generation is using the city is changing, calling for a change in the way we design cities: oreintated design for long term sustainability.

With the participation of:

Ron Beit (Newark Real Estate Board member – RBH Group, USA)

Ignacio Jiménez de Laiglesia (Real Estate developer – “Valencia Litoral”, Spain)

Mario Chang (Strategic Advisor, USA)

Christian Benedetto (Hopkins, Sampson & Brown Real Estate Advisory Services, USA)

Debate moderated by:

Gonzalo Delacámara (Environmental Economist – IMDEA Water Foundation, Spain)

Christian Benedetto (Hopkins, Sampson & Brown Real Estate Advisory Services, USA)

Christian Benedetto enlisted in the US Marine Corps in the late 80s, serving during the First Gulf War armed with a bachelor’s degree in Financial Services and Philosophy. He received graduate degrees in Finance and Computer Information Systems Management. He re-entered the civilian world as a sales agent specializing in commercial real estate. Within three years, he co-founded one of the most successful real estate brokerage firms in New Jersey. In 2006, he opened the first office of Hopkins, Sampson & Brown Real Estate Advisory Services, LLC. With the opening, he has helped the company become the largest commercial real estate brokerage firm in Newark. He is resident real estate guru, having consulted 500 companies worldwide.

Gonzalo Delacámara (Environmental Economist - IMDEA Water Foundation, Spain)

Gonzalo is an environmental economist, PhD and currently a Senior Research Fellow and Coordinator of the Department of Economic and Institutional Analysis at IMDEA Water Foundation, a non-profit research body – Gonzalo only works in international projects. He has been a Senior Lecturer on Economic Analysis at the UAH for the last 17 years. Water policy advisor for the European Commission and the 2030 Water Resources Group as well as international consultant on water and energy economics for the UN system and international banks. Faculty Member of the Belpasso International Summer School in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. Gonzalo’s approach to architecture, urban design and spatial development is based on advanced microeconomics.

The concept behind the DUNEhouse project is to create a flexible tool* more than a design where the client has the possibility to define his own house. Mainly, the idea is based on a system composed by different volumes where each of them represents a program or a cluster of it (bedroom and bathroom, kitchen, swimming poll, etc.) and the client is able to distribute them on the plot and creating every kind of space and connection that he prefers. The catalogue on the left is showing, from the left, the growth of the house, from step 1 to step 5; and from the top to the bottom, 3 of the, almost infinitive, possibilities of distribution of the house. This system is working with different parameters in order to create the edges in which this tool can operate ( each of them operates following a non-linear logic but an iterative logic). In this project, the most important parameter is the wind, so the base geometry of the house (the sequence of air flow analysis below shows some of the wind test) is organised in order to maximise the wind flow and consequently the natural ventilation inside the building. To increase the effect of this mechanism all the house volumes (made of reinforced and insulated concrete shells) have been thought on the top of small artificial dunes working as thermal mass with the aim to regulate  the income air temperature (diagrammatic section on the left). Moreover, the shell insulation is given by a covering envelope composed by different soil bubbles working as a green wall where the plants are able to grow and consequently regulating the microclimate surrounding the house.

The second parameter evaluated is the view exposition of the house toward the sea. In order to understand and maximise this aspect has been done an diagram where is possible to define where collocate the windows.  The house is growing as an artificial organism that is taking advantage from the natural resources; also the solution to “melt” the shell of the house with the ground (starting from the level 0.00 with an artificial dune and transforming in spheres of soil, seeds and natural fabric) allows to use as much as possible the thermal inertia to save energy for the cooling heating system.

*= Tool means  a parametric definition made with a software where the user doesn’t have to draw a new house every time that I likes to change something but simply he can change the parameters that he prefers and the design is going to self-adapting to the new scenario. The renders that I present in this panel are just to explain one possibility of the catalogue (dash line rectangle)

Gianluca Santosuosso

Fab Solar House presentation in IaaC

Before attending the Solar Decathlon competition in Madrid, Fab Solar house has been opened to the public on the 4th of june, 2010 at IaaC. The partners and members of the Fab Solar house – Schnieder Electric, Endesa and Visoren amongst others – ,sponsors of the project, politicians and members of institutions like the Mies Van Der Rohe foundation had all been present to see the house under construction. Presented by Iaac Director Vicente Guallart  there have been discussions on why and how the fab solar house has been aspired to be built, its technicalities and its aims for the future. Fabhouse researchers, students of Iaac & Fabacademy and collaborators have all been present during this event also discussing on their future trip to Madrid which will start at the end of this week.

IaaC Director Vicente Guallart Presenting the house to various journalists

Presentations on details of the Fab solar house
-sponsors, researchers, members of the fab solar house team

Before attending the Solar Decathlon competition in Madrid, Fab Solar house has been opened to the public on the 4th of june, 2010 at IaaC. The partners and members of the Fab Solar house – Schnieder Electric, Endesa and Visoren amongst others – ,sponsors of the project, politicians and members of institutions like the Mies Van Der Rohe foundation had all been present to see the house under construction. Presented by Iaac Director Vicente Guallart  there have been discussions on why and how the fab solar house has been aspired to be built, its technicalities and its aims for the future. Fabhouse researchers, students of Iaac & Fabacademy and collaborators have all been present during this event also discussing on their future trip to Madrid which will start at the end of this week.

Day 2
Tensegrity structure was the decided system to build the house. Since this is flexible enough to be built anywhere on any tree, Students with faculty located their house according to its location, topography and view. Materials were also selected – Wood, rope, Pine cones, branches, shrubs and twigs. The house was going to be made between three pine trees.

Day 3
With Assistants from Dr. Gerard passola, the tree house structure was started. All students were assigned to make various work. some started joining the pine cones for the facade, some started to weave the base. some started to make the facade, and some collected broken pieces of branches and shrubs which are serving as materials.

Day 4
On the last day of the workshop, faculty and students decided on the type of roof structure they will put up. This marked the completion of their tree house, which will serve three people (maximum), highleveled enough to enjoy a view from the forest.
The workshop ended with a barbeque at the house of Can Valldaura.

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