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DIGITAL LOGICS_T5

RO1RO2

 

The important thing is not to stop questioning Albert Einstein

 

Text_Toward a Theory of Architecture Machines_Nicholas Negroponte

 In text Toward a Theory of Architecture Machines, Nicholas Negroponte discuss about advantages of self developing machines, relation between human and artificial, identifying the interaction of humans and evolutionary techniques. Evolutionary system is result of both, the man and the machine. Discussion is about machines that as he said, “can learn about architecture” and man with his knowledge is that those who can make machine to be smart. The development of information systems and computer graphics are services that enable the designer to expand their ideas and allow him more time to do what you really love. Its some kind of artificial love.

The author mentions five mechanisms that are important for achieving artificial intelligence. First is heuristic method based on rules of thumb or strategy which drastically limits the resolution of the problem. This method does not guarantee a solution. Machine will attempt to apply the relevant procedures with a similar problem. Heuristic gained from analogous situations would be the machine’s first source of contribution to the solution of a new problem.
After repeating meeting rote apparatus such control. It is important to learn to mind an event and its store. If the situation occurred repeatedly mechanism retains the circumstances to use it for similar situations. Response time and repetition become habits, good or bad.
Conditioning mechanism to process all non exceptional information. In addition to learning by heart responds to all events, generates the problem. Each robot is developing its conditioned reflex. Reward sector initiates activities. Implies testing each environment without the knowledge of the designer. This mechanism is crucial for good or bad architecture.
The last method is the inability or ability (forgetting convenience) of computers to forget all that we have entered into it. An example of as we take the antiquated structures, techniques, materials that do not correspond to the time or the environment in which we find ourselves.

Beside this mechanism mentioned Negroponte said those sea-discriminating mechanism or the interface. In fact, he’s talking about a machine that communicates with ambience and takes on the role of designers. These machines have features designers are necessary three characteristics: an event, a manifestation and representation. These three properties form the interface.
The author expresses his views and vision of the future machines – seeing machine. The machine is almost identified with the designer or architect. Architecture is a machine. The machine works on the principle of observation, environment, talks between architect and client. The device registers an event, plans, conversation enters the data in preparation for the final answer. Architecture Machine acquire information which client given era and therefore would have the potential to challenge and to question.
It all recognize it has seen and than extrapolates characteristics: commonalities, intents, patterns etc. After trying to answer on the complexion model solution, machine will give eleventh problem statement and asked to generate its own solution.

Today, computers are used in all spheres of life. They have become an integral part of most human daily activities. Clearly we can see a difference from the first computers and machines and their development until today. Negroponte in his text accurately guessed the significance of technology for architecture that is immeasurable. Their development allows freedom of design, work on more complex structures, experimentation, innovation. Man develops technology and machines, depending on their needs and objectives. We are able to develop machines to meet our needs, we can work to improve with more established errors and problems. The machine can be smart as we are able to is such a way. Their active participation in relation to technology and society work every day to improve. The point with which I don’t agree in the text is the author’s vision of future machine (seeing machine), where fully identifies human intelligence with artificial intelligence. I think that this part of the more ironic approach to the importance of technology. Man is the creator of the machine, so the machine will be smart how clever its creator.

As part of my personal research I would like to investigate how else can we improve the development of machinery, adapt it according to our needs. And im interesting about question : How much we can develop the technology? Could it really take control of us and fully identifying with the human mind?

 

 

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Digital Logics – T3

wikipedia-rhizome

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

photo credit: www.curationculture.org

digital logics paper

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Digital Logics – T1

Haeckel_drawings

 

Text – ON GROWTH AND FORM

D’ARCY WENTWORTH THOMPSON

ANALYSIS – This book was written in 1917 almost 100 years ago and I am personally trying to analyse the chapter on theory of transformations or comparison of related form. Since the fact that this book was written almost hundred years ago and the author has tried to explain the growth and form relating it with mathematical logic and how everything is originated or can be derived through a grid, just by laying a simple grid. And at that time nobody had even looked or even thought of breaking the things that exist in nature into simple geometry by the use of mathematics. This is same as the fact when a scientist/mathematician told the society of people that the earth is round and not flat which they used to believe earlier. Read More »

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On Growth and Form- D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson

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On Growth and Form, D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson

In this text Thompson combines Biology, science and Math ideas together, in order to present his theory of transformation in nature. Thompson writes about the morphogenesis, the process by which patterns are formed in plants, animals and human beings. His goal is “To study inter-relations of growth and form, and the part which the Physical forces play in this complex interaction”[1]

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DIGITAL LOGICS – “On Growth and Form”

 “On Growth and Form” by D’Arcy Wentworth Thomson

skull transformation

In Thomson’s book “On Growth and Form”, he looks at the way natural living things, such as vegetation and animals, and why they take the form they do by growing and changing. While at first the forms are described with words, they later are represented with mathematical and graphical drawings. Thomson admits that the mathematical analysis has its limitations since one cannot simply draw anything. However, it does have an advantage in a way we can manipulate shapes and discover new things; he places a grid and then deforms it consistently in one particular pattern, the result is a new species. Nevertheless not everything can be transformed to anything; a vertebral animal cannot be transformed to a mammal. His study of form is called “morphology”. The form goes from a static to dynamic state with the influence of forces on them. While looking at the shape we can recognize the force that transformed it, which can be for example Gravity. By understanding the form transformation vs. the forces, we can see a similarity with DeLanda in the evolution process from young to older. Thomson discuses the concept of average since the process of transformation allows you to get only an approximate result; one can get mathematical forms for shapes in general, but not for a specific case – “Keep the type in mind & leave the single cases, with all its accidents, alone”. In “On Growth and Form”, there is also the idea of Newton which says that “Nature delights in transformation”. The book is mostly about questioning and comparing the form, growth and Cartesian coordinates. According to Thomson, comparison of related forms allows us to understand better the transformation and deformation that if we saw the form alone. His method was to use Cartesian coordinates, and it can be used to study missing parts of an animal or the missing steps of the evolution process. Thomson describes Listing’s point of view of seeing a topological similarity in mammals where in the science of typology any form can be changed to any form. This concept comes behind the fact that if you breakdown different forms, we will end up with similar basic geometric shapes. However Thomson did not study this perspective. All of his experiments are limited since they are in 2D, where everything in the grid changes but keeps the same relation. His study can be applied on a 3D grid but there will be difficulty in correlating one plane into different one. Moreover, even in his 2D process, we can notice that his transformation from the initial drawing to the obtained result is not always very accurate and sometimes raises doubts about certain coordinate’s displacement; Nevertheless we should keep in mind the book was written in a time where computer analysis and parametric still did not exist, making his work an impressing read. We can notice that Thomson applied the same method as Albert Durer did on human face, but for animals.

In my personal research, I would like to experiment and apply Thomson’s theories since he was descriptive rather than experimental in his book. It is clear that he was aware of that when he said: “This book of mine has little need of preface, for indeed it is ‘all preface’ from beginning to end”. It would be to apply the study to all shapes in our daily life to follow their process and see what forces and changes they have been affected by to become transformed to what they are.

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