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Case study 2 | Forum for Music, Dance, and Visual Culture

This project was based on a competition entry by Toyo Ito for the Music, Dance & Visual Culture located in Ghent, Belgium. The program defines a need for a modular hall enveloped within a shell that would mediate between the interior and the urban surroundings of the site. The exterior volume is an extrusion of the site that is encased within a facade that accomplishes a negotiation of activities of the interior and exterior by selectively employing the transparent and reflective properties of glass. The glass facade, a veil slipped over concrete forms that divide the spaces into specific programs, further aids in creating the experiential qualities in relation to the continuous surface. Structural double surface geometry of this concrete form creates a continuous load path ultimately providing the desired interior spaces.

The continuous concrete surface provides an ideal way for circulation to happen in an unbroken, flowing way between multiple levels, spaces and voids. The resulting layering of the spaces begins to allow for control over interior lighting in relation to the specific needs of the programs. The ultimate goal was to maintain this simple system with minimal components of this concrete mass and minimal glass enclosure as a way to sustain as many spatial features.

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Case study 1 | UK Pavilion 2010

This brilliant bristling structure is Thomas Heatherwick’s recently completed UK Pavilion at the 2010 Shanghai Expo. The six-story high structure is studded with 60,000 translucent rods that act as fiber-optic filaments that channel sunlight into the pavilion’s interior. The filaments also contains the impetus to create living forests in the future — each 7.5 meter long “branch” contains seeds from the Millennium Seed Bank that will be given to China one the expo has run its course.

Thomas Heatherwick’s UK Pavilion bristles with a dynamic facade that gently flexes and shimmers with each passing breeze. The beautiful building envelope blurs the boundaries between architecture and animated sculpture, while the area surrounding the pavilion features a network of pedestrian walkways and a landscaped park area.

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If Additive Fabrication becomes cheap…

RAPID PROTOTYPING

Additive Fabrication refers to a class of manufacturing process, in a which a part is built by adding layers of materialupon another. The most important constraint for this type of manufacturing would be the cost. When Rapid Prototyping becomes cheaper and more open to the visions of the masses, everyone would be able to develope and design thier own crazy objects. The Result should turn out to be very interesting…

The first image shows Jewelery constructed using 3d printing technology, and titled with names such as lamina, dendrite and radiolaria — take inspiration from organic structures. Many of their pieces are generated from algorithmic processes and even allow you to customize your own pieces of jewelry through their website.  Created by Jessica Rosenkrantz and Jesse Louis-Rosenburg — both former students at MIT, who studied in the fields of Architecture, Biology and Mathematics.

The other images show Jewelery created by Joshua Demonte at Philadelphia’s Tyler School of Art — which is presumably when he had free, unlimited access to a rapid prototyping machine. He describes them as jewlery mimic the Architectural Elements, activating the space around the body and alterating the viewers perception of the wearer. In his own words ” my work has replaced the traditional embellishments of jewelery objects with the details of  traditional architectural forms “.

SERIE ARCHITECTS

V-OFFICE
COMPLETION – September 2007
AREA – 5000 sq.mts
DESIGN – Chris Lee and Kapil Gupta.
LINK – www.serie.co.uk/HTML Files/Project/V Office07.html

At present in Mumbai, the proliferation of curtain walls in fast paced, speculative office buildings have reduced the role of the architect to elevation dressers. This phenomenon is blanketing the city with endless uninspired permutations of aluminium frames and glazing; the domain of an architect is confined to a mere 200mm depth. Resisting this tendency, the proposal aims to reinterpret the various components that can possibly make up an elevation whilst maintaining the maximum floor area that can be generated by building to the extent of the site boundary. The proposal imagines a modulated skin; made up of 9 modules, that performs as a series of balconies, storage spaces, sun-shades and window-cabins all moulded into one.

The size of openings of the skin is modulated by the amount of dilation of each of the modules which responds to the position of the façade in relation to the sun and also the program within. The depth of the skin thus is thickened to 2 metres to enable balconies, break-out spaces, private cabins and tiered-seating for an auditorium. On the base of the block, the same primary modules are differentiated to create skylights to basement, outdoor furniture, grass-basins and pavement modules.

If Additive Fabrication becomes cheaper these module could be fabricated on site and assembled for a much faster process for constructing architecture and hence meet the increasing demand for sheltered spaces within the developing cities such as Mumbai, India.

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The endless house, Frederick Kiesler 1959

 “Between the corporeal units there lie the various empty fields of tension that hold the parts together like planets in a void“ (Manifeste du corréalisme, F. Kiesler).

The Endless House is called the “endless” because all ends and meet continously. It is endless like the human body. There is no beginning and end to it. The “Endless” is rather sensuous. More like the female body in contrast to sharp-angled male architecture. All ends meet in the “Endless” as they meet in life. Life’s rhythms are cyclical. All ends of living meet during twenty-four hours, during a week, a lifetime.

Kiesler talked repeatedly about an elastic spatial concept, wich must be capable, even in a small house, of providing an optimun response to the very varied social concerns of its occupants.

 “Since Kiesler’s death in 1965, his notion of Endless Space and his studies of the Endless House in particular, have resurfaced in recent architectural discourse. New technologies have emerged that are now provoking different questions regarding the tectonics and material potentials within the concept of The Endless House” (Frederick Kiesler – Inside the Endless House, Matthew Krissel).

http://dprbcn.wordpress.com/2009/09/21/endless-house-frederick-kiesler/

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Grin grin park, Toyo Ito 2002 2005

As it happens in the lines of nature, Ito seeks formal freedom in the design that best adapted to the needs of their spaces. Ito embraces the apparently irregular qualities of nature’s ever-evolving presence. The capabilities of the current collaboration between design and structure calculation allow this game. The design is composed of three covered areas strung. Each shell is partially covered by glass roofs articulated in a scale-like manner; the rest is covered by vegetation. Thereby, it creates a continuous surface that twists into different vaulted spaces, adjusted to the scale of greenhouse contained. Thus we understand the building as an area that stands over the natural floor, creating spaces below and above it.

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New Amsterdam Plein & Pavilion in New York

New Amsterdam Plein & Pavilion in New York

UNStudio’s initial conceptual design for New Amsterdam Plein & Pavilion calls for a 5,000 square-foot,  carefully programmed space located within The Battery’s Peter Minuit Plaza, named for the enterprising Dutch Director-General who in 1626 consolidated the early settlements at the tip of Manhattan – a grouping that came to be known as New Amsterdam. Within the open space of the Plein, visitors will find UNStudio-designed seating and tables.  These will surround a highly sculptural pavilion with an expressive, undulating roofline and curving walls – a compact little building with the authority of a major landmark, evoking a flower opening to its surroundings.  The pavilion will be equipped with an electronic facade LED system that allows for a constantly changing light show at night, “an experience that will carry the animation and drama of the day into the evening,” according to van Berkel.    Van Berkel’s pavilion will offer “a superb culinary experience, great visitor orientation information and materials, and an iconic, recognizable spot for residents and visitors to rendezvous.” New Amsterdam Plein will also feature berms and perennial garden planting beds, designed by New York City Parks & Recreation using the color palette of Piet Oudolf, who created The Battery Bosque Gardens and the Battery’s Gardens of Remembrance. New Amsterdam Plein & Pavilion will be a dramatic space where more than 5 million people a year, including 70,000 daily commuters and 2 million annual tourists, can find an extraordinary “outdoor living room” for spontaneous and scheduled activities, public markets, seating and shade, and an iconic state-of-the-art pavilion for food and information.

http://plusmood.com/2009/09/new-amsterdam-pavilion-by-ben-van-berkel-unstudio-unveiled-in-battery-park-new-york/

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skin structure chair

pic. from konstapic from konstantine-grcic.com

The Chair One by Konstantin Grcic, is a beautiful structure inspired chair that is both simple and complex. Its simplicity is seen in its defined lines and its complexity is highlighted in the engineering ingenuity that is behind it. It was inspired by a football, which is created by assembling a number of flat surfaces @ different angles, hence creating a three dimensional form. This structural logic was reached after many sketches, cardboard models, and  prototypes. The final chair design was composed of  treated aluminum and a polyester powder coating.

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A beehive as a case study for additive digital fabrication?

Bees
One can see bees as perfect, small machines fabricating with high precision wax honeycombs to protect their larvae and store honey and pollen.
They are ‘programmed’ to reproduce in an endless series a very optimised structure of hexagonal cells with very thin walls. This construction is fabricated by bees producing their own construction material and applying it in a geometrically perfect structure which optimises material consumption.
The closed end of the honeycomb is also perfect in terms of material and space use (section of a rhombic dodecahedra) and gives rigidity to the whole structure.

A honeycomb in the 'fabrication' process. wikipedia / Makro Freak / 2007-06-04

Closed bottom of honeycomb cells. wikipedia / Waugsberg / 2007-08-31

Living wicker walls
The fabrication of baskets is based in a technique that waves natural fibres in a very robust hull where the skin is the structure: a very old additive fabrication method used by humans that implies a small amount of operations laid down in tradition.
Forming walls of woven living wicker is a ‘construction’ technique resulting in very stable structures which grow for themselves. Can this be considered additive fabrication? The plant grows by accumulating cells. The ‘architect’ just waves the branches when they are flexible and waits until they grow. This results, by all means, in a very slow fabrication process!

Wicker basket walls, detail. (cc)by-sa / R.Portell / 2010-10-18

Living wicker construction. (cc)by-sa / R.Portell / 2010-10-18

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Burnham Pavilion

Burnham Pavilion

The Burnham Pavilion by Zaha Hadid Architects triggers the visitors’ curiosity and encourages them to consider the future of Chicago. “It’s about reinvention and improvement on an urban scale and about welcoming the future with innovative ideas and technologies. Our design continues Chicago’s renowned tradition of cutting edge architecture and engineering, at the scale of a temporary pavilion, whilst referencing the organizational systems of Burnham’s Plan.” said Zaha Hadid. “The structure is aligned with a diagonal in Burnham’s early 20th Century Plan of Chicago. We then overlay fabric using contemporary 21st Century techniques to generate the fluid, organic form – while the structure is always articulated through the tensioned fabric as a reminder of Burnham’s original ideas.” The pavilion is composed of an intricate curved aluminium structure, with each element shaped and welded in order to create its unique fluid form. Fabric skins have been tightly zipped around the metal frame to create the curvilinear shape. The interior skin also serves as the screen for a video installation by Thomas Gray that explores Chicago’s past and future.

“Fabric is both a traditional and a high-tech material whose form is directly related to the forces applied to it – creating beautiful geometries that are never arbitrary. I find this very exciting.” explained Hadid.

http://www.dezeen.com/2009/04/16/burnham-pavilion-by-zaha-hadid-architects/

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case studies on digital fabrication

Chanel mobile Art Pavillion – Zaha Hadid

Hong Kong, Tokyo, New York, Paris
2008–2010

size: 29 m x 45 m, total 700 m²

http://www.zaha-hadid.com/home

http://www.zaha-hadid.com/home

The chanel mobile artpavilion was developed as a temporary exhibition space made of continuous arch shaped elements of fibre reinforced plastic and a membrane roof combined with a steel and aluminum structure. The spacial rhythm of the seams and segments of the arched building which are clearly visible also from the outside emphasized by additional lighting features creates strong perspective views throughout the building interior. On the inside the pavilion features a backlit translucent ceiling while the entrance area with its large roof light creates the transition from inside to outside space.

While the real building skin consists of several layers, its curved shape  and details could well be represented by a 3D print.

Ivo 03 – Asymptote

2008

size: 60 x 35 x 18 inches

www.asymptote.net/

www.asymptote.net/

Asymptote designed Ivo _03, as wave shaped and unique table that features slumped glass suspended across a contiguous and abstracted surface of diamond-shaped facets for Meta, a new contemporary objects and furniture company created by Mallett Antiques. Ivo_03 has been exhibited in Milan, New York City, London and, most recently, at Design Miami from December 3 – 6, 2008.

The high degree of detail of facets within this hyperbolean structure could be ideally represented in a 3D print.

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