Laser cutted plywood bench

This work is a collaboration between Ayber Gülfer and Jordi Portell and describes the design and fabrication process for a laser cutted plywood bench for the Digital Fabrication Tools class.

We wanted our bench to be a node to articulate a sequence, so we bended the box.

Plywood furniture fabrication using model ribbing techniques and laser cutting.

Idea and model

We wanted to design a bench that could be able to articulate a system of different benches and get out
from the straight arrangement giving more flexibility, so we curved our element. We had two different
strategies to do this:

  • 1. cutting the bench in diagonal at the sides preserving the given bounding box.
  • 2. bending the bounding box itself.
  • We worked in two models following this two strategies and, at the end, we choose the one that we liked the most. This blog entry presents the design following the second strategy and the fabrication process of the design we chose (first strategy). We used Rhino and Grasshopper as modelling and ribbing tools and a laser cutter to fabricate the parts.

    Bounding box resulting from revolving the contours forming an angle of approx. 30º.

    Modelling the seat and considering to have a floor lamp integrated

    Extracting the floor lamp volume from the model with inner shell.

    Setting the planes to make transversal cuts determines the ribs separation.

    Transversal cutting planes (ribs) from intersection curves.

    Ribs in the longitudinal direction. Some pieces had to be cut in order to be assemblable.

    Both x and y rib systems together and ready for intersection.

    Final result for the design strategy 2 (bending the box).

    Fabrication

    We choose the model produced following strategy 1. not for the strategy itself but because of the more elegant asymmetrical design and better level of development.

    Final result for strategy 1. Cutting edges in diagonal preserving the original bounding box.

    Backside of the bench selected for fabrication. Some ribs were divided before fabrication.

    Cutting with the big laser cutter at IaaC.

    Assembling the numbered pieces.

    View 1.

    View 2.

    View 3.

    View 4.

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    Bench….Digital Fabrication…Project 02

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    Lego Brick ..Digital Fabrication Project 01

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    Barcelona Site Model and CNC MILLING

    GROUP:

    Carolina Aguirre
    Antonio Atripaldi
    Hugo Carvallo
    Mathew Owen

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    Brick #1 andrea debilio – francisco marmolejo

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    Lego Brick (Process) – Hugo Carvallo and Mathew Owen

    Goals

    Understanding 3D printing – The main goal we set for ourselves was to create a Lego brick from which we could learn the most regarding, for our minds, a relatively new concept: 3D printing. This was done by abandoning our initial thoughts on fabrication by exploring new forms and Ideas. We also wanted to make sure that we could make something with the 3d printer we couldn’t in any other way.

    Learning Rhino – As it was a first time for both of us working with Rhino software, we were eager to absorb as much as possible from the computation lesson and to treat the Lego brick as an exercise to maximize our 3D modeling skills. Therefore we were looking to create a model that would be complex enough to be able to get the most out of it.

    Minimizing material / Maximising efficiency – The last goal was to minimize the material used, not to avoid the costs of this expensive material, but rather to push our design idea to the limits as to understand the possibilities of additive 3d design and to test these materials properties.

    Concept

    At first, like most teams, we looked at several famous buildings for inspiration (of which the skin is a structural element or entire structure) such as the Prada Epicenter in Tokyo, Centre Pompidou – Metz and several others. However, at one point we found an interesting article on a young Dutch designer, Joris Laarman, who worked on a range of furniture in collaboration with Opel (the car brand), which inspired us the most.

    The concept behind this design is to recreate structures based on the way bones grow, giving great strength to lightweight, minimal material usage constructions.

    We decided to adopt the idea and put it into practice as this was closely related to our initial ideas and were key elements of our goals.

    Process

    The polylines defined the limits of the brick, and then the ‘control points’ was used to modify those lines toward the inside, picking it from the center of each line.  Circumferences were made using the ‘circle’ tool and were placed at each end of the lines, and also an extra small circle was located in the center of each line.

    After that, ‘loft’ command was necessary to join a continuous surface from all of the circles following each line that worked as rails.

    With ‘spiral’ command, the spring-like elements were placed at each side of the brick, to connect other bricks on top and bottom of it.  The same technique [loft] was used to create the surfaces of the spiral elements.

    Then, ‘boolean2objects’, ‘booleanunion’, and ‘booleanintersection’ were used to clean up the inside intersections.  Sometimes, it was used the ‘trim’ or the ‘split’ command to accelerate the process.

    Finally, the ‘mesh’ command was use to convert the entire volume in one single mesh.

    The Production:

    Towards the end, there were some technical difficulties, and the brick couldn’t be 3D printed.  The initial problems were the fact that there were several meshes, interceptions, and naked edges, after trying to fix it for more than 3 days a new brand brick was born from all these problems.

    The new brick try to follows the initial design, although slightly different.  Its components are much bigger and precise than the original one.

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    First Assignment-Brick 3D Printed

    Here we uploaded step by step and final 3D model of our design in Pdf format below. Just click it.

    rhino exercise one

    Hopefully it will be nice reference in the future.

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    Second Assignment-Bench Design

    Here we uploaded the step by step and the final 3d model of our designed in Pdf format below.

    SECOND ASSIGNMENT-Bench

    Hopefully it will able became your reference in the future.

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    The Table Bench

    Group:
    Carolina
    Renata

    To think about a bench is to think about several people. And several uses. Some people read, others sleep, some sit and some eat. Sometimes it’s just good to be able to do it all. For the IaaCommunity Bench, we decided to keep it simple and keep it working. A table bench. As the section of the bench was predefined to enable the different proposals to connect, we started by defining that the top of the bench would be flat and the bottom would look like… a bench! The editing process begun by creating a cage with the command CageEdit>Select the Bench>BoundingBox> x=15, y=10, z=4. With the Control Points on, we repositioned the points so we could have the form imagined by us. After the form was defined, we needed to close the interior surface using the command Curve> Curve From Objects> Duplicate Edges. Then to create a surface and finally close the bench, we used the command Loft.

    The next step was to use command Contour to create sections of the object in X and Y axis. For that, we created new layers, one for each axe. After creating the “ribs”, we created a new layer called “Intersections”, and used the command “Intersections” to create lines in the intersections between the ribs in X and Y axis. Those lines were used as guidelines to create pipes at the intersections between the ribs.

    Using a Grasshopper script we chose ribs on the x-axis, the y-axis and the intersections lines in order to be faster instead of copying and moving each pipe one-by-one manually. After the intersections had been made, we baked the axis individually and grouped each rib by using the TOP view and selecting each line separately.

    After we made a new layer called DOT, we used the Dot command to name each rib and group it with it’s piece so we would be able to move them around without getting the order of construction lost. We then rotated the ribs so they could be in the same direction. We trimmed each section in order to get the connection edges. Finally we used another script to engrave the numbers and our name in the pieces under a new layer.

    To finish the process we deleted the previous layer DOT and drew a rectangle with the dimensions of the wooden board (1200×2500) under a layer Wood. We manually placed each rib on this plane in order to make the most efficient placement and the less use of materials. Finally we created a layer Cut and renamed all the ribs on that layer. The file was then ready to be exported as a .dxf format.

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    Cobogó: A Trip from Brazilian Modernist Architecture to 3D Printing

    Group:
    Carolina
    Renata

    Marcio Kogan's contemporary approach.

    Cobogó is the name of the hollow elements, originally made of concrete or ceramic, created in the 20th Century. Its name derives from the initials of the surnames of three engineers that worked in Recife, Brazil: Amadeu Oliveira Coimbra, Ernest August Boeckmann and Antônio de Góes. These elements follow the same principle of the old wooden elements of Moorish architecture: solution to the closure of structures. While looking for references to fabricate a 3D printed brick, it was natural to end up looking for elements that were already used in architecture. The hollow sections found in cobogós were perfect to spare material without compromising the stability of the structure. Re fabricate old elements paying an homage to our own backgrounds while having the chance to give it a twist. A trip in space and time.

    To create the brick, we chose 5 different decoration patterns of cobogós. We constructed five solids with dimensions 21.67×21.67x2mm. For all of them we did an offset of 2mm to keep the boundaries required for the material not to break. Then we drew polylines to create the designs or rectangles. After a polyline was done, we did Extrude Closed Planar Curve with the same thickness of the original solid. With that we could erase the internal curves to avoid having unneeded geometry on the surface. Then we did Boolean Difference between the bigger solid and the ones created with the Extrusion of the Curves to make them hollow as a cobogó.

    Traditional ceramic cobogós used in Brazil's Modern Architecture

    Finally we categorized each cobogó as different layers and copied and alternated them to construct the mosaic pattern. After the first wall containing 6 bricks on the x-axis and 3 on the z-axis, we used Boolean Union to create a single solid. Then we deselected all Snaps, leaving only End and then starting constructing the remaining surfaces. Copy the first wall and then rotate it on the same edge. At the end with the 4 walls created, we joined them by using Boolean Union. The same process was done to create the top surface. Once it was positioned, we did a cylinder at the center of the connections with a radius of 19.5mm and thickness of 2mm. By doing a Boolean Split between the cylinder and the top surface, we were able to split them and delete the internal parts that weren’t necessary.

    After that we extruded the cylinder to its entire height required, mirrored it for the other side of the brick and Boolean Union these elements to create the top surface. Afterwards we copied by the end point to create the base and finish all sides of the brick. The caps of the cylinders of the top, as well as the cylinder of the bottom, were left open in order to use less material and try to make the brick cheaper. Finally to close the brick we used Boolean Union for all the elements to join.

    After the brick was a solid, we verified the edges using the Edges tool to make sure there were no naked edges.

    After that, we made a Box with the dimensions of the Cage, and choose Analyze> Mass Properties> Volume Centroid to be able to find the midpoint of the area. Choose CageEdit>Select the Bench>BoundingBox> x=4, y=10, z=4 and grabbed the 4 centered points of the brick to Scale them with the Origin point based on the Volume Centroid drawn before towards the Center of the volume.

    With that, what was a straight wall became a curved structure, that could only be constructed with new technologies, such as 3D printing. The old and the new – as always – walking together.

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